The Mari Lwyd Tradition

The Mari Lwyd (Grey Mare) is a Welsh Christmas and New Year tradition involving a horse’s skull carried on a pole, decorated with ribbons and accompanied by wassailers. The practice, which has supernatural overtones, has been revived across South Wales.

The Custom

The Mari Lwyd party arrives at houses and pubs, where they engage in pwnco, a battle of wits in sung verse with those inside. If the Mari Lwyd wins, the party is admitted for food and drink. The practice occurs between Christmas and Twelfth Night.

The Origins

The Mari Lwyd’s origins are disputed. It may be a pre-Christian horse cult survival, a medieval mystery play remnant, or a relatively modern folk invention. The practice was documented from the early 19th century.

The Supernatural Elements

The Mari Lwyd represents a liminal figure between life and death, appearing during the dark days around midwinter. The decorated skull, with its snapping jaws and ghostly appearance, deliberately evokes the supernatural.

The Experience

Those who encounter the Mari Lwyd describe an uncanny experience. The skull, animated by its bearer, seems to take on a life of its own. The ancient verses and the darkness of midwinter create an atmosphere that transcends simple folk custom.

The Revival

After nearly dying out in the 20th century, the Mari Lwyd has been revived across South Wales. New groups have formed, and the custom now appears in towns and villages that had lost the tradition.

Assessment

The Mari Lwyd represents a survival of ancient tradition that deliberately invokes the supernatural. While participants know the skull is inanimate, the custom’s power to create uncanny experiences remains undiminished.